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Historically, Mapuche or “people from the land” was the term used to designate the Mapuche occupying the south-central area of Chile but now is the term used for all Mapuche. The Mapuche speak a language called Mapudungun, composed of several dialects. Aboriginally the economy was based on a combination of food gathering, hunting, fishing, and horticulture, but by the twentieth century agriculture predominated with farming techniques learned primarily from the Chileans. Settlements consist of three to eight dispersed dwellings, each occupied by a patrilocal extended family.

The Mapuche people in post-dictatorship Chile

The Araucanians

Mapuche ceremonial landscape, social recruitment and resource rights

Mapuche social structure

Hawks of the sun

Araucanian child life and its cultural background

Ethnology of the Araucanos

Female shamanism and the Mapuche transformation into Christian Chilean Farmers

Culture summary

Araucanian culture in transition

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Author	Title	Publication Date
Boccara, Guillaume	The Mapuche people in post-dictatorship Chile	2002
Cooper, John M. (John Montgomery)	The Araucanians	1946
Dillehay, Tom D.	Mapuche ceremonial landscape, social recruitment and resource rights	1990
Faron, Louis C.	Mapuche social structure	1961
Faron, Louis C.	Hawks of the sun	1964
Hilger, M. Inez (Mary Inez)	Araucanian child life and its cultural background	1957
Latcham, Richard E.	Ethnology of the Araucanos	1909
Nakashima Degarrod, Lydia	Female shamanism and the Mapuche transformation into Christian Chilean Farmers	1998
Nakashima Degarrod, Lydia	Culture summary	2009
Titiev, Mischa	Araucanian culture in transition	1951

Mapuche

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