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The present-day Chiriguano are the descendants of Tupí-Guaraní speakers who migrated across Paraguay (where a small population is found) to the foothills of the Bolivian Andes, where they absorbed the formerly Arawakan-speaking Chane and adopted much of their sedentary culture. The Izoceño subgroup is considered to reflect the greatest Chane influence. The Chiriguano practice swidden agriculture, fishing during the rainy season, and hunting. Beginning in the nineteenth century, hundreds of families migrated to northern Argentina to work on farms and sugarcane plantations. The Chiriguano practice a mixed religion of animism and Catholicism; most recently Evangelical sects have made inroads.

The southeastern Inka frontier against the Chiriguanos

Slaves without masters?

Culture Summary

The "Chiriguano Wars"

Daily life and the development of mission culture

From the Chaco War to secularization, 1932-1949

Bibliography

Salamanca and the city

Studies on the culture of the Chiriguano Indians

Tribes of the eastern slopes of the Bolivian Andes

Chiriguano ethnography

The changes in the material culture of two Indian tribes under the influence of new surroundings

Author	Title	Publication Date
Alconini Mujica, Sonia	The southeastern Inka frontier against the Chiriguanos	2004
Combès, Isabelle	Slaves without masters?	2006
Hirsch, Silvia María	Culture Summary	2024
Langer, Erick Detlef	The "Chiriguano Wars"	2009
Langer, Erick Detlef	Daily life and the development of mission culture	2009
Langer, Erick Detlef	From the Chaco War to secularization, 1932-1949	2009
Langer, Erick Detlef	Bibliography	2009
Lowrey, Kathleen B.	Salamanca and the city	2006
Métraux, Alfred	Studies on the culture of the Chiriguano Indians	1930
Métraux, Alfred	Tribes of the eastern slopes of the Bolivian Andes	1948
Nino, Bernardino de	Chiriguano ethnography	1912
Nordenskiöld, Erland	The changes in the material culture of two Indian tribes under the influence of new surroundings	1920
Nordenskiöld, Erland	Indian life	1912
Noss, Andrew J.	An evaluation of hunter self-monitoring in the Bolivian Chaco	2004
Rosen, Eric von	The Chiriguano	1924
Schmidt, Max	The Chiriguano and Izozó	1938

Chiriguano

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