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The Toda are a small group of indigenous people living in the Nilgiri mountains of southern India. They were long portrayed as isolated pastoralist people with their own distinct culture involving a vegetarian diet, worship of dairy-buffalos, and fraternal polyandry (a practice in which a woman marries a group of brothers). As of the 1980s, however, many Toda earned their income from agriculture and other non-farm activities. They also tended to be monogamous, and increasingly interacted with people of different religious faiths, food customs and economic pursuits.

Toda marriage regulations and taboos

Toda culture thirty-five years after

Toda menstruation practices

Language and social forms

A phrenologist amongst the Todas

A study of polyandry

The Todas

Culture summary

The Toda of South India

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