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The Southern Coast Salish comprise a number of Lushootseed and Tuwaduq (Twana) speaking peoples whose pre-reservation homeland extended along the shores and inland river basins of Puget Sound and the Hood Canal of Washington state. Their traditional economy relied on fishing, gathering, and hunting. Society was organized according to family, household and village, with class distinctions of upper, freeman and slave; chiefdoms likely arose in late pre-reservation times as a means of resistance. Following the signing of an 1855 treaty with the United States, Southern Coast Salish peoples ceded much of their land to white settlers, but the government largely reneged on its promises of adequate access to traditional resources, farmland, and services on the reservations. In addition, introduced diseases, Christian missions, continued settler incursions, and global economic pressures served to drive the cultures of many groups underground or to extinction.

Culture Summary

The Twana Indians of the Skokomish Reservation in Washington Territory

Skokomish and other Coast Salish tales

Coast Salish concepts of power

The structure of Twana culture

Skokomish sorcery, ethics, and society

Indians of Skagit County

The Puyallup of Washington

The Puyallup-Nisqually

Southern Coast Salish

The Snoqualmie

In defense of a Snoqualmie political chiefdom model

Political organization of the Duwamish

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Author	Title	Publication Date
Crawford O’Brien, Suzanne J.	Culture Summary	2022
Eells, Myron	The Twana Indians of the Skokomish Reservation in Washington Territory	1877
Elmendorf, William W. (William Welcome)	Skokomish and other Coast Salish tales	1961
Elmendorf, William W. (William Welcome)	Skokomish and other Coast Salish tales	1961
Elmendorf, William W. (William Welcome)	Skokomish and other Coast Salish tales	1961
Elmendorf, William W. (William Welcome)	Coast Salish concepts of power	1984
Elmendorf, William W. (William Welcome)	The structure of Twana culture	1960
Elmendorf, William W. (William Welcome)	Skokomish sorcery, ethics, and society	1970
Sampson, Martin J.	Indians of Skagit County	1972
Smith, Marian W. (Marian Wesley)	The Puyallup of Washington	1963
Smith, Marian W. (Marian Wesley)	The Puyallup-Nisqually	1940
Suttles, Wayne P.	Southern Coast Salish	1990
Tollefson, Kenneth Dean	The Snoqualmie	1987
Tollefson, Kenneth Dean	In defense of a Snoqualmie political chiefdom model	1996
Tollefson, Kenneth Dean	Political organization of the Duwamish	1989

Southern Coast Salish

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