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The Trumai were one of several indigenous peoples of Central Brazil living in small, ethnically based, village communities widely dispersed in a region that formed the headwaters of the Upper Xingu River, one of the largest tributaries of the Amazon.  Subsistence was based primarily on slash-and-burn horticulture, supplemented by fishing, hunting, and the gathering of wild fruits and turtle eggs.  The Trumai population in 1938 was only forty-three people, living in four household units.  The village was governed by a chief, whose authority was limited to facilitating village-wide cooperation for hunting, gardening and fishing expeditions.

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The Trumaí Indians of central Brazil

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Author	Title	Publication Date
Adem, Teferi Abate	Culture Summary	2010
Murphy, Robert Francis	The Trumaí Indians of central Brazil	1955