article

Labor specialization and the formation of markets for food in a Shipibo subsistance economy

Human ecology20 (4)Published In 1992 • Pages: 435-462

By: Behrens, Clifford A..

AbstractBrief abstract written by HRAF anthropologists who have done the subject indexing for the document
This paper examines the relationship between food production and exchange, and the manner in which this relationship is affected by a shift from a subsistence to a market-oriented economy. Analysis of Shipibo production and exchange data reveals that cash cropping has produced two groups of specialists within the formerly subsistence economy. The first group produces rice for regional markets and includes households with fewer women, but continues to exchange food within the traditional kin-based exchange system when it can. The second group contains men whose superior abilities as fishers and hunters are well recognized, and who now frequently sell wild food (fish and game) to rice producers, rather than distribute it freely. To better understand this specialization, a formal theory that replicated the formation of cash markets for food and labor in a subsistence economy is developed based on the ethnographic literature for the Amazon and on the theory of time allocation (pp. 435-436).
SubjectsDocument-level OCM identifiers given by the anthropology subject indexers at HRAF
Theoretical orientation in research and its results
Gift giving
Buying and selling
Labor and leisure
Household
Extended families
cultureCulture name from the Outline of World Cultures (OWC)
Shipibo
HRAF PubDateThe date HRAF published the document
2002
RegionThe area the document pertains to
South America
Sub RegionThe more specific area the document pertains to, which is located within the Region
Amazon and Orinoco
Document TypeMay include journal articles, essays, collections of essays, monographs, or chapters/parts of monographs
article
Evaluation
Creator TypeThe type of person writing the document, e.g. Ethnographer, Missionary, Archaeologist, Folklorist, Linguist, Indigenous Person, and so on.
Ethnologist
Document Rating A ranking done by HRAF anthropologists based on the strength of the source material on a scale of 1 to 5, as follows: 1 - poor; 2 - fair; 3 - good, useful data, but not uniformly excellent; 4 - excellent secondary data; 5 - excellent primary data.
5: Excellent Primary Data
AnalystThe HRAF anthropologist who subject indexed the document and prepared other materials for the eHRAF culture/tradition collection
John Beierle ; 2001
Field DateThe date the researcher conducted the fieldwork or archival research that produced the document
June 1980-August 1981
Coverage DateThe date or dates that the information in the document pertains to
1980-1981
Coverage PlaceLocation of the research culture or tradition (often a smaller unit such as a band, community, or archaeological site)
village of Nuevo Eden, headwaters of the Pisqui River, Peru
NotesAdditional notes
Clifford A. Behrens
Includes bibliographical references (p. 460-462)
LCCNLibrary of Congress Control Number
72623826
LCSHLibrary of Congress Subject Headings
Shipibo-Conibo Indians