essay
'Colored' and Catholic: the Lebanese in Birmingham, Alabama
Crossing the waters : Arabic-speaking immigrants to the United States before 1940 • Washington, D. C. • Published In 1987 • Pages: 69-84
By: Conklin, Nancy Faires, Faires, Nora Helen.
AbstractBrief abstract written by HRAF anthropologists who have done the subject indexing for the document
This essay describes the Lebanese community in Birmingham, Alabama from its establishment in the late nineteenth century to the early twentieth. The authors examine immigration patterns, and the political and social climate of Birmingham in which the Lebanese were to make their home, dominated in the early years by issues of race and segregation. 'The reaction of the Lebanese to the stresses of economic change and social ostracism was not to assimilate, but to establish and maintain strong, stable community institutions' (pp. 69-70).These institutions, and particularly the Maronite church, which formed the focal point for the community, are described in the final section of this work.
- SubjectsDocument-level OCM identifiers given by the anthropology subject indexers at HRAF
- External migration
- Retail marketing
- Ethnic stratification
- cultureCulture name from the Outline of World Cultures (OWC)
- Arab Americans
- HRAF PubDateThe date HRAF published the document
- 1999
- RegionThe area the document pertains to
- North America
- Sub RegionThe more specific area the document pertains to, which is located within the Region
- Regional, Ethnic and Diaspora Cultures
- Document TypeMay include journal articles, essays, collections of essays, monographs, or chapters/parts of monographs
- essay
- Evaluation
- Creator TypeThe type of person writing the document, e.g. Ethnographer, Missionary, Archaeologist, Folklorist, Linguist, Indigenous Person, and so on.
- Unknown
- Document Rating A ranking done by HRAF anthropologists based on the strength of the source material on a scale of 1 to 5, as follows: 1 - poor; 2 - fair; 3 - good, useful data, but not uniformly excellent; 4 - excellent secondary data; 5 - excellent primary data.
- 5: Excellent Primary Data
- AnalystThe HRAF anthropologist who subject indexed the document and prepared other materials for the eHRAF culture/tradition collection
- John Beierle ; 1998
- Field DateThe date the researcher conducted the fieldwork or archival research that produced the document
- no date
- Coverage DateThe date or dates that the information in the document pertains to
- late nineteenth - early twentieth centuries
- Coverage PlaceLocation of the research culture or tradition (often a smaller unit such as a band, community, or archaeological site)
- Birmingham, Alabama, United States
- NotesAdditional notes
- Nancy Faires Conklin and Nora Faires
- Includes bibliographical references
- LCCNLibrary of Congress Control Number
- 87043031
- LCSHLibrary of Congress Subject Headings
- Arab Americans