Ingroup Antagonisms

Mode of Marriage

Family Relationships

Offenses Against the Person

Sex and Marital Offenses

Polygamy

Organization and Analysis of Results

Inheritance

Religious Denominations

Missions

Cult of the Dead

Prayers and Sacrifices

Organized Ceremonial

Community Heads

Districts

Chief Executive

Bibliographies in Sources

Woodworking

Ceramic Technology

Furniture

Dance

Identification

Age Stratification

Gender Status

Household

Informal in-Group Justice

Eschatology

Sorcery

Medical Personnel

Priesthood

Topography and Geology

External Migration

External Relations

Social Control

Linguistic Identification

Climate

Domesticated Animals

Dairying

Labor and Leisure

Regulation of Marriage

Secondary Marriages

Child Care

Cereal Agriculture

Vegetable Production

Special Crops

Diet

Childhood Activities

Tillage

Division of Labor by Gender

Labor Supply and Employment

Community Structure

Inter-Community Relations

Glossary

Material Not Relevant

Rules of Descent

Clans

Infant Care

Slavery

Territorial Hierarchy

Instigation of War

Warfare

Aftermath of Combat

Location

Travel

Alcoholic Beverages

Mats and Basketry

Production and Supply

Medium of Exchange

Internal Trade

Retail Marketing

Standard of Living

Population

Settlement Patterns

Medical Therapy

Clothing Manufacture

Carpentry

Dwellings

Public Structures

External Trade

CULTURE SUMMARY: BENA

ETHNONYMS

ORIENTATION

HISTORY AND CULTURAL RELATIONS

SETTLEMENTS

ECONOMY

KINSHIP KINSHIP GROUPS AND DESCENT

MARRIAGE AND FAMILY

SOCIOPOLICAL ORGANIZATION

RELIGION AND EXPRESSIVE CULTURE

SYNOPSIS

INDEXING NOTES

RELIGIOUS BELIEFS

RELIGIOUS PRACTITIONERS

CEREMONIES

ARTS

MEDICINE

DEATH AND THE AFTERLIFE

IDENTIFICATION AND LOCATION

DEMOGRAPHY

LINGUISTIC AFFILIATION

SUBSISTENCE

COMMERCIAL ACTIVITIES

INDUSTRIAL ARTS

TRADE

DIVISION OF LABOR

MARRIAGE

DOMESTIC UNIT

INHERITANCE

SOCIALIZATION

SOCIAL ORGANIZATION

POLITICAL ORGANIZATION

SOCIAL CONTROL

CONFLICT

BIBLIOGRAPHY

BODY

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The Bena are agriculturalists who live in two different ecozones in Tanzania. One is a high plateau where a large majority of the Bena live and the other is a plain, occupied by a small minority. The Bena speak a Southern Bantu language of the Niger-Congo language family. In pre-colonial times the Bena were organized into villages which were largely autonomous and warring. They were conquered by the Hehe and, in the late nineteenth century, became subject to German colonists.

Bena

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