Book

A subcaste of south India: social organization and religion of the Pramalai Kallar

Mouton & Co.La Haye, ParisPublished In 1957 • Pages: 6, 6, 460

By: Dumont, Louis, Schütze, Frieda.

AbstractBrief abstract written by HRAF anthropologists who have done the subject indexing for the document
In contrast to numerous community reports and village surveys on the Tamil as a whole, this monograph is one of the relatively few comprehensive studies on an entire Hindu subcaste -- the Pramalai Kallar. Although the Kallar long have had popular and scientific appeal, early ethnographers generally kept clear of these people because of their 'fierce' reputation. Dumont is in fact one of the first fieldworkers in the area who was able to live successfully among the Kallar and gather ethnographic data. Despite the author's claim that the main subject of the study is the hamlet of Tengalapatti -- indeed much of the information contained within this source does concentrate around the area -- he and/or his informants ranged all over Pramalai Kallar country in gathering their data, an area of roughly 10 by 18 miles in extent. As a result of the narrow focus of this study, a regionally delimited subcaste, Dumont has come up with some rather unusual features of caste life that previously have attracted little attention from ethnographers, namely: (1) rank ordering on the basis of caste isogamy versus intercaste hypergamy (or hypogamy?), (2) the existence of permanent status impurity, (3) the existence of kingly charter and appointment of chiefs, and (4) the presence of higher caste temples and priests in the community. Other unusual features brought out in this study are: (1) settlement patterns in which senior lineages live in the older areas and junior lineages in the more recent areas of settlement, and (2) the relationship of kinship geography to exogamy and endogamy. The source is divided into three major parts, the first of which deals with the group as seen from without (locality, agriculture, techniques in material culture, economy); second, social organization (political structure, lineages, marriage, kinship, etc.) ; and thirdly, religion, especially in its collective manifestations. The reader should note that the term Madura, used for both the district and city in this study, is often spelled Madurai. The French word 'lignTe' has been translated throughout as 'line,' although the context may often suggest 'lineage.'
SubjectsDocument-level OCM identifiers given by the anthropology subject indexers at HRAF
Castes
Lineages
Regulation of marriage
Towns
Districts
Spirits and gods
General character of religion
Congregations
Tillage
cultureCulture name from the Outline of World Cultures (OWC)
Tamil
HRAF PubDateThe date HRAF published the document
2019
RegionThe area the document pertains to
Asia
Sub RegionThe more specific area the document pertains to, which is located within the Region
South Asia
Document TypeMay include journal articles, essays, collections of essays, monographs, or chapters/parts of monographs
Book
Evaluation
Creator TypeThe type of person writing the document, e.g. Ethnographer, Missionary, Archaeologist, Folklorist, Linguist, Indigenous Person, and so on.
Ethnologist
Document Rating A ranking done by HRAF anthropologists based on the strength of the source material on a scale of 1 to 5, as follows: 1 - poor; 2 - fair; 3 - good, useful data, but not uniformly excellent; 4 - excellent secondary data; 5 - excellent primary data.
4: Excellent Secondary Data
5: Excellent Primary Data
AnalystThe HRAF anthropologist who subject indexed the document and prepared other materials for the eHRAF culture/tradition collection
John Beierle ; Marlene Martin ; 1983
Field DateThe date the researcher conducted the fieldwork or archival research that produced the document
1949-1950
Coverage PlaceLocation of the research culture or tradition (often a smaller unit such as a band, community, or archaeological site)
region of Madurai; districts of Tanjore and Madurai, India
NotesAdditional notes
By Louis Dumont
Translation of: [Une sous-caste de l'Inde du Sud; organisation sociale et religion des Pramalai Kallar]
Thèse--Paris, 1954
At head of title: École Pratique des Hautes Études. Vie section
Translated from the French for Human Relations Area Files by Frieda Schütze ca. 1983
Includes bibliographical references
LCCNLibrary of Congress Control Number
68039813
LCSHLibrary of Congress Subject Headings
Tamil (Indic people)/Pramalai Kallar/Caste--India