article

Power on the extreme periphery: the perspective of Tongan elites in the modern world

Pacific viewpoint22 (1) • Published In 1981 • Pages: 48-64

By: Marcus, George E..

Abstract
Marcus examines Tongan social relations within two distinct periods of Tongan integration into the capitalist world system, 1875-1965 and 1965-present (1978). The earlier period is marked by a centralized monarchy, weak parliament, land-based hereditary nobility; and a smallholding peasantry, with secure tenancy and spotty participation in commercial agriculture. Education, Christian congregations, and government bureaucracy provided avenues for the emergence of a new elite. Commerce was in the hands of a small group of half-caste families of mixed European and Tongan descent. In the latter period, shortage of land and increasing population, prompted significant migration, estimated by Marcus to be nearly a quarter of the total Tongan population, to settle in core states and maintain links with homeland kin. Marcus discusses how both new and old elites participate in this new transnational order and its impact on the Tongan state, culture and identity.
Subjects
External migration
Settlement patterns
Classes
Form and rules of government
Chief executive
culture
Tongans
HRAF PubDate
2006
Region
Oceania
Sub Region
Polynesia
Document Type
article
Evaluation
Creator Type
Ethnologist
Document Rating
4: Excellent Secondary Data
5: Excellent Primary Data
Analyst
Ian Skoggard; 2004
Field Date
1972--1978
Coverage Date
1875-1978
Coverage Place
Tonga
Notes
George E. Marcus
Includes bibliographical references (p. 64)
LCCN
64053119
LCSH
Tongans