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The Chiricahua are an Athapaskan-speaking Native American group whose traditional homeland was located in present-day southeastern Arizona, southern New Mexico, southwestern Texas, and northern Mexico. Originally nomadic, the Chiricahua subsistence pattern was based on hunting and the gathering of wild food plants, with only a minor amount of agriculture being practiced. During the second half of the nineteenth century the Chiricahua were forced onto reservations  and other restricted sites on the Arizona-New Mexico border, then in Florida and Alabama, and finally in Oklahoma and south-central New Mexico. The Chiricahua were traditionally divided into from three to five bands, each made up of ten to thirty extended families.

Culture Summary

The ethnobiology of the Chiricahua and Mescalero Apache

An Apache life-way

Chiricahua Apache

Chiricahua Apaches and the assimilation movement, 1865-1886

Women of the Apache nation

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Author	Title	Publication Date
Beierle, John	Culture Summary	2012
Castetter, Edward Franklin	The ethnobiology of the Chiricahua and Mescalero Apache	1936
Opler, Morris Edward	An Apache life-way	1941
Opler, Morris Edward	Chiricahua Apache	1983
Ragsdale, John W.	Chiricahua Apaches and the assimilation movement, 1865-1886	2005
Stockel, H. Henrietta	Women of the Apache nation	1991

Eastern Apache

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