Publication Information The main body of the Publication Information page contains all the metadata that HRAF holds for that document.
Author: Author's name as listed in Library of Congress records
Appell, George N.
Title:
The ecological and social consequences of conversation to
Christianity among the Rungus Dusun of Sabah, Malaysia
Published in: if part or section of a book or monograph
Sociocultural change, development and indigenous peoples,
edited by Tan Chee-Beng
Published By: Original publisher
Sociocultural change, development and indigenous peoples,
edited by Tan Chee-Beng
Singapore: Board of Editors, Contributions to Southeast
Asian Ethnography. 1997. 61-99 p. ill., maps
By line: Author's name as appearing in the actual publication
G. N. Appell
HRAF Publication Information: New Haven, Conn.:
Human Relations Area Files, 2002. Computer File
Culture: Culture name from the Outline of World Cultures (OWC) with the alphanumberic OWC identifier in parenthesis.
Rungus Dusun (OC13)
Subjects: Document-level OCM identifiers given by the anthropology subject indexers at HRAF
Theoretical orientation in research and its results (121);
Topography and geology (133);
Flora (137);
Tillage (241);
Water supply (312);
Environmental quality (318);
Religious offenses (688);
Spirits and gods (776);
Religious denominations (795);
Abstract: Brief abstract written by HRAF anthropologists who have done the subject indexing for the document
In this article G.N. Appell examines the influence of
Christianity on Rungus ecology. Have Christian notions about man's domain over nature
affected how the Rungus treat their environment? Appell argues that Christianity has had an
indirect effect by undermining the supernatural sanctions and ritual activity that
supported ecological conservation. Christianity has given the Rungus a new worldview to
cope with the changes wrought by modernization. It also protects the Rungus from the
retribution of malevolent spirits, the ROGON. For example, the ROGON would bring sickness
to anyone who cut trees in a sacred grove. Rungus Christians now cut down the sacred
groves--some, hundreds of acres in extent--with impunity. The result has been a drying of
the Rungus environment and loss of game animals. Also the Rungus now sell their domestic
animals, which were sacrificed to the ROGON in the past and were an important source of
protein. The ROGON were also a sanction against the violation of sexual taboos. Today
illicit sexual relations have increased and with it venereal disease.
Document Number: HRAF's in-house numbering system derived from the processing order of documents
7
Document ID: HRAF's unique document identifier. The first part is the OWC identifier and the second part is the document number in three digits.
oc13-007
Document Type: May include journal articles, essays, collections of essays, monographs or chapters/parts of monographs.
Essay
Language: Language that the document is written in
English
Note:
Includes bibliographical references (p. 94-99)
Field Date: The date the researcher conducted the fieldwork or archival research that produced the document
1959-1963, 1986-1992
Evaluation: In this alphanumeric code, the first part designates the type of person writing the document, e.g. Ethnographer, Missionary, Archaeologist, Folklorist, Linguist, Indigene, and so on. The second part is a ranking done by HRAF anthropologists based on the strength of the source material on a scale of 1 to 5, as follows: 1 - poor; 2 - fair; 3 - good, useful data, but not uniformly excellent; 4 - excellent secondary data; 5 - excellent primary data
Ethnologist-4,5
Analyst: The HRAF anthropologist who subject indexed the document and prepared other materials for the eHRAF culture/tradition collection.
Ian Skoggard ; 2000
Coverage Date: The date or dates that the information in the document pertains to (often not the same as the field date).
1959-1994
Coverage Place: Location of the research culture or tradition (often a smaller unit such as a band, community, or archaeological site)
Kudat District, Sabah, Malaysia
LCSH: Library of Congress Subject Headings
Dusun (Bornean people)
