TY - CHAP AU - Shanklin, Eugenia PY - 1994 DA - 1994// TI - "Life underneath the market": herders and gombeenmen in ninteenth-century Donegal BT - pastoralists at the periphery: herders in a capitalist world SP - 103-121, 229-251 PB - The University of Arizona Press CY - Tucson, Ariz. KW - Ireland KW - Rural conditions KW - Rural Irish KW - Eireanneach KW - Annual cycle KW - Pastoral activities KW - Vegetable production KW - Diet KW - Real property KW - Borrowing and lending AB - This is an historical account of the demise of transhumance in nineteenth-century Donegal, and subsequent changes in diet from dairy products and oats to potatoes, Indian meal (cornmeal), and tea. The [n]gombeenman[/n], or shopkeeper-money lender, facilitated a societal change from self-sufficient herders to dependent peasants. The rise of cooperatives in the following century broke the hold [n]gombeenmen[/n] had over rural farmers. SN - 0816514305 UR - https://ehrafworldcultures.yale.edu/document?id=er06-023 LA - English N1 - Eugenia Shanklin ID - er06-023 Y1 - 2022-07-01 ER -