Ainsworth, Mary D. (Salter). Infancy in Uganda: infant care and the growth of love

Table of Contents

Publication Information

Title Page

Foreword

Preface

Untitled Section: ...

List Of Illustrations

I Purposes And Procedures

1 Purposes And Plans

2 The Ganda And How They Live

3 Preliminaries

4 The Sample

Age

Religious Affiliation

Marital Status Of Parents

Fathers

Siblings And Other Children In The Household

Other Adults In The Household

Unweaned Versus Weaned Babies

Degree Of Acculturation

How Representative Is This Sample?

Informants Of Traditional Ganda Methods Of Infant Care

5 Procedure

Interview Schedule

The Visits

Reliability Of Information

Schedule Of Visits

The Mother’s Excellence As An Informant

Special Difficulties

Ii Methods Of Infant Care And The Infants’ Responses To Them

6 Feeding

Early Lactation And Sucking

Later Lactation

Enjoyment Of Breast Feeding

Method Of Breast Feeding

Response Of The Baby To Breast Feeding

Supplementary Feeding

Thumb Sucking

7 Cleanliness

Baths

Other Cleanliness Practices

Elimination Practices And Training

Establishment Of Control Of Elimination

8 Sleeping

9 Mothering Practices

Quantity And Mode Of Physical Contact Between Mother And Baby

Carrying And Handling

Holding

Cuddling, Play, And Affectionate Display

Sharing Of Mothering

Amount Of Care Given By Mother

Total Amount Of Care

10 Distress, Anger, And Discipline

Response Of The Mother To The Baby’s Distress

Angry Behavior

Response Of The Mother To The Baby’s Anger

Discipline

11 Health And Safety

Safety

Iii Case Summaries Of The Infants And Their Families

Introduction

12 Three Children From Unacculturated Muslim Families: Aida, Juko, And Muhamidi

Aida

Juko

Muhamidi

13 Eight Babies From Relatively Acculturated Protestant Families: Waswa, Nakato, Nora, Kulistina, Senkumba, Nabatanzi, Nakiku, And Kasozi

Waswa And Nakato: The Older Twins

Nora And Kulistina

Senkumba

Nabatanzi

Nakiku

Kasozi

14 Four More Muslim Babies: Alima, Namitala, Sulaimani, And Nakalema

Alima And Namitala

Alima

Namitala

Sulaimani

Nakalema

15 Four Babies From Acculturated Families William, Maryamu, And The Younger Twins, Waswa And Nakato

William

Gesell Testing

Maryamu

The Younger Twins: Waswa And Nakato

16 Five More Babies From Christian Families: Lusiya, Senvuma, Samwendi, Mutebe, And Kyimba

Lusiya

Senvuma

Samwendi

Mutebe

Kyimba

17 Three Babies From Relatively Affluent Families: Paulo, Petero, And Magalita

Paulo

Petero

Magalita

Untitled Section: ...

18 An Exceptional Child: Sembajwe

Iv Infant Development

19 Sensorimotor Development

Locomotor Development

Sitting

Crawling And Creeping

Standing

Walking

Language Development

Géber’s Findings

20 Patterns Of Attachment Behavior

Differential Crying

Differential Smiling

Differential Vocalization

Crying When The Mother Leaves

Following

Visual-motor Orientation

Greeting Responses

Scrambling

Burying The Face

Approach Through Locomotion

Kissing And Hugging

Use Of The Mother As A Secure Base For Exploration

Flight To The Haven Of Safety

Clinging

21 Responses To Other Familiar Figures And To Strangers

Attachment To Familiar Figures Other Than The Mother

Response To Strangers

22 The Development Of Attachments

A Summary Of The Development Of Attachments

First Quarter: Birth To Thirteen Weeks

Second Quarter: Fourteen To Twenty-six Weeks

Third Quarter: Twenty-seven To Thirty-nine Weeks

Fourth Quarter And Beyond: Forty To Sixty Weeks

Phases Of Development Of Attachment

Phase I: The Undiscriminating Phase

Phase Ii: The Phase Of Differential Responsiveness

Phase Iii: The Phase Of Differential Responsiveness At A Distance 1

Phase Iv: The Phase Of Active Initiative

Phase V: The Phase Of Stranger Anxiety

23 Variables Influencing The Development Of Attachment

Classification Of Infants According To Strength And Security Of Attachment

The “non-attached” Group

The Secure-attached Group

The Insecure-attached Group

Maternal-care Variables Related To The Strength And Security Of Attachment

Warmth Of Mother

Multiple Caretakers

Amount Of Care Given By The Mother

Total Amount Of Care

Mother’s Excellence As An Informant

Scheduled Versus Self-demand Feeding

Mother’s Milk Supply

Mother’s Attitude Toward Breast Feeding

Summary

24 Weaning

25 Mother-child Separation

Senvuma

Kitala

Ruthie

26 Impressions And Conjectures

References

Index

Cross References

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Author:

Title: Infancy in Uganda: infant care and the growth of love

Published By: Baltimore: Johns Hopkins Press, 1967. xvii, 471 p.: ill.

By line: by Mary D. Salter Ainsworth

HRAF Publication Information: New Haven, Conn.: HRAF, 1998. Computer File

Culture: Ganda (FK07)

Subjects: Ontogenetic data (145); Infant feeding (853); Infant care (854); Child care (855); Development and maturation (856); Weaning and food training (862); Independence training (866);

Abstract: This is an in-depth report on infant care and development in rural Uganda, based on seven-months participant obervation of 28 infants (starting ages ranging from two days to eighty weeks), living in 23 households from 7 different villages located 15 miles outside of Kampala. With help of an interpreter, the author visited on a rotating basis the homes of the infants, as well as, a local clinic where many of the first contacts with families were made. Each visit consisted of a brief stay in which the author observed the behavior of the mother, infant and other caretakers in the household. Also, the clinic carried out regular developmental tests. The author was interested in the influence of mother-infant attachment on infant development. One finding was that the open and stimulating household environment together with a mother responsive to infant needs had a favorable impact on infant sensorimotor development, however sickness and weaning had a negative impact.

Document Number: 18

Document ID: fk07-018

Document Type: Monograph

Language: English

Note: Includes bibliographical references (p. 459-462) and index

Field Date: 1954-1955

Evaluation: Psychologist-5

Analyst: Ian Skoggard ; 1997

Coverage Date: 1954-1955

Coverage Place: Uganda

LCSH: Ganda (African people)

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